Awal amaziɣ di lweqt n lmuwaḥḥidin : ijj n yiles i idewlen d awal iqeddsen.
Di lqarn n tenɛac, limbraṭuriya n lmuwaḥḥidin tegga ijj n lixtiyar siyasi w ddini : ssilyen awal amaziɣ ɣar ddaraja n wawal iqeddsen.Maṛṛa manaya ibda aked Ibn Tumert, abennay n lḥaraka n lmuwaḥḥidin.…
Di lqarn n tenɛac, limbraṭuriya n lmuwaḥḥidin tegga ijj n lixtiyar siyasi w ddini : ssilyen awal amaziɣ ɣar ddaraja n wawal iqeddsen.
Maṛṛa manaya ibda aked Ibn Tumert, abennay n lḥaraka n lmuwaḥḥidin. Issexdem tnayen n laḥadit, wenni amezwaru iqqar : "Lislam issenta d aɣrib, uca ad idwel d aɣrib amecnaw mamec issenta, aseɛd nnsen yinni i illan d iɣriben", lḥadit wiss tnayen iqqar : "Imezdaɣ n lɣarb lebda ad ilin x uɣezdis n tidett xminni d ɣa yas unfalal n lweqt", ḥuma ad ibna ijjt n tadiyulujit d tamaynut.
Zi laḥadit nni n Rasul, ixleq uxaṛṛeṣ nni ila d Imaziɣen i illan d amarras n Tidett minzi Ibn Tumert ttuɣa ittɣil-as ila d Imaziɣen i ttuɣa illan d iɣriben n lɣarb i xef ssiwlen laḥadit nni nenna. D manaya i yuden Ibn Tumert ad isemma awal amaziɣ d luɣa al-ɣarbiyya s teɛrabt minzi yirar s nɛemmada aked uxarweḍ i illan jar iwalen "aɣrib" d "lɣarb", minzi s tnayen id sen usin-d zeg uẓwaṛ aɛrab ƔRB.
S wamu, Ibn Tumert yuca i Yimaziɣen andah n Yimselmen ɣar tidett. Netta iḥseb aydud amaziɣ d aydud amaynu i ittwasetfen jar yiyduden s ufus n Sidi Ṛebbi ḥuma ad issifaw abrid i umaḍal ikmel, amecnaw iɛibriten niɣ aɛraben zzat-sen.
Di lweṣt n tadiyulujit nni tamaynut, ntaff iles amaziɣ. Deg yijjt n tebrat, nessen belli lxalif Ɛabdelmumen, yumeṛ i lfuqaha d ṭṭulba ad lemden tawḥid s tmaziɣt, ad slemden tawḥid s tmaziɣt i yiwdan. Aqqa-wem ca n lemtul :
| Tawḥid s tmaziɣt | Aturjem s teɛrabt |
|---|---|
| muggar Yakuc | الله أكبر |
| ur d am Yakuc | لا اله الا الله |
S adu n leḥkam n lmuwaḥḥidin, bdan ula ad eggen alaɣi n tẓallit s tmaziɣt. Arni x-as, di teqsabt n Yicbiliya, deg Wandalus, ttuɣa tteggen lxuṭba s tmaziɣt d amezwaru, uca ttkemmlen-tt s teɛrabt. Manaya iscan-aneɣ ila tmaziɣt ttuɣa ttezwir i teɛrabt, ttuɣa din ijj n uneqleb remzi n tadaruj n yilsawen, s uyenni nzemmar ad nini tmaziɣt tiweḍ ad ɣar-s tili ccan.
Aslem n yiyduden n Tefrikt-Tabercant ttuɣa ttwagg s tmaziɣt minzi d Imaziɣen i isselmen iyduden nni s tsebbabt niɣ s umenɣi. Nessen manaya minzi ɛad deg yilsawen nnsen yeqqim ca n wawal i iqqnen ɣar tmaziɣt. Amecnaw awal tabaski i d-yusin zeg wawal amaziɣ tafaska, waxxa awal nni aẓwaṛ nnes d alatin. Deg usenti, Imaziɣen ttuɣa ur ssexdimen ca ismawen aɛraben n tẓalliwin, ttuɣa ttsaqaran-d ismawen nnsen inneḍni :
| Ismawen n tẓalliwin s teɛrabt | Ismawen n tẓalliwin s tmaziɣt |
|---|---|
| الظهر | tizwarnin |
| العصر | takwzin |
| المغرب | tinwutci |
| العشاء | tinyiḍeṣ |
Lami iyduden ifrikanen-ibercanen msagaren aked Yimaziɣen-Imselmen, iyduden nni ksin ismawen imaziɣen n tẓalliwin, ur ksin ca ismawen aɛraben. Matalan, awal asunink sákhú-fо́ (tinat n yiḍeṣ) yus-d zeg yisem amaziɣ : tinyiḍes. Awal asunink ftiri, waxxa awal nni yus-d zi teɛrabt فطور, d aturjem aḥerfi n wawal amaziɣ : tinwutci (tin n macca). D amenni i ttuɣa Imaziɣen iqdimen semman tẓallit n lemɣarb, ɛammars aɛraben semman فطور i tẓallit n lemɣarb.
Deg uneggaru, nzemmar ad nini, s lemtul i d awem uciɣ s nnej, belli yiles amaziɣ yirar ijj n ddawr tarixi deg ufser n Lislam di Tefrikt di lweqt n lmuwaḥḥidin, minzi bnan ijjt n tadiyulujit i inneḍen i yiles, s uya, uwcin-as ccan. Ataɣ, ixeṣṣ Imaziɣen n yiḍa ad eggen min ggin lmuwaḥḥidin, ad eggen ccan i tmaziɣt, ḥuma ad sgeɛɛden ddawr n tmaziɣt di lmujtamaɛ lɛasri i di neddar neccin.
Yuri-t : Massin Maziɣ
Tamselɣut tarudlisant :
Ghouirgate, M. (2015). Le berbère au Moyen Âge : Une culture linguistique en cours de reconstitution. Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales, 70(3), 577‑606. Éditions de l'EHESS. https://doi.org/10.ISBN9782713224652